Spain's Eco-Groups Count Who Breathes Dirty Air

Ecologistas en Accion is a confederation of ecologist groups across Spanish towns and cities. Its annual air-quality report is one of the main independent checks on official data, and the 2025 edition found about two-thirds of the population, around 33 million people, exposed to pollution above the limits the EU will require from 2030, with ozone at its highest since 2015. It estimates the annual health and economic cost at 32 billion euros, 2.4 percent of GDP. An April 2026 study found 96 percent of school surroundings analysed in 66 urban areas exceed WHO recommended levels.